Publications

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN HUNGARY – PART I – LEGAL FRAMEWORK
What are the basic principles and legal frameworks for foreign direct investments in Hungary? What institutions ensure the protection of foreign investors? In the first part of our series of articles, we address these questions.
ILF’s Hungarian member, Smartlegal Schmidt&Partners summarizes this issue in the article.

【固法评论】《民法典》视域下债权多重转让的规则阐释 【PW & Partners Law Review】Rules of Multiple Assignments of Claims in the Civil Code
债权多重转让是指基于债权的流动性,债权人将债权多次转让给不同的受让 人,从而导致多个受让人并存的法律状态。为解决原债权人与债务人之间、各受 让人与债务人之间以及各受让人相互之间的法律纷争,《民法典》及其司法解释 以保护交易安全为首要价值目标,确立了较为完备的债权多重转让规则体系,具 体内容如下: The legal situation known as “multiple assignment of claims” occurs when creditors assign their claims to various...

【PW & Partners Law Review】New Regulations on Cross-border Data
After the successive promulgation and implementations of the Cyber Security Law, Data Security Law, Personal Information Protection Law, Security Assessment Measures for Data Provision Abroad, Measures on the Standard Contract for Outbound Transfer of Personal Information and Personal Information Protection Certification Implementation Rules, China has steadily established a data outbound supervision framework with the core of security assessment, standard contract filing and personal information protection certification (see the Appendix).

GDPR-INFRINGEMENTS AS UNFAIR COMMERCIAL PRACTICE – DID THE CJEU JUST GIVE SUPERPOWER TO COMPETITORS?
While unfair competition law allows companies to sue their competitors for certain behaviours which constitute unfair commercial practices, data protection law essentially gives data subjects the right to take action against unlawful processing of their personal data. But what if unlawful data processing is an unfair commercial practice? Can a competitor be the knight in shining armour for data subjects and sue the controller on competition law basis? The fresh decision of the CJEU analysed in this article answers the question.

Resolving disputes in England: A guide for non-UK residents
Resolving disputes in a foreign country can be daunting, but England offers a robust and reliable legal system that can effectively address various types of conflicts. Here’s a guide for non-UK residents on the best ways to resolve disputes in England.

Formalities for the sale of a business in France
You want to sell your business and you’ve found a buyer. Congratulations!
You’ve agreed the price, now all you have to do is sign.

5 Compelling Reasons to Open a Company in Bulgaria
Bulgaria, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, is emerging as an attractive destination for entrepreneurs seeking to establish their businesses. With its strategic geographic location, competitive business environment, and a range of incentives, Bulgaria offers numerous advantages for those looking to start a company. In this article, we will explore five compelling reasons why a person would choose to open a company in Bulgaria.

The Comprehensive Guide to Obtain a Tax Residency in Bulgaria
In an era where global mobility is at its peak, Bulgaria emerges as a beacon for entrepreneurs, digital nomads, and high-net-worth individuals seeking tax efficiency. With a flat tax rate of just 10%, Bulgaria offers unparalleled tax benefits. This guide aims to provide an exhaustive understanding of tax residency in Bulgaria, enabling you to make informed decisions.

THE LOVE-AFFAIR OF THE AI ACT AND THE GDPR: HOW TO HANDLE?
For artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to advance, a large amount of data is needed which may include personal data. Although the which AI Act entered into force on 1st August 2024 lays down a legal framework for the development and use of artificial intelligence system, when personal data is concerned, we cannot forget about being compliant with good old GDPR. Do you know how to apply the AI Act and the GDPR together to ensure compliance? Let’s read this short summary to find out.

Digital Nomad in Bulgaria: Your Ultimate Guide to a Seamless Transition
In recent years, Bulgaria has emerged as a hotspot for digital nomads around the world. Situated at the crossroads of Eastern and Western cultures, Bulgaria offers a rich historical background, a low cost of living, and a high-speed internet connection, making it an ideal destination for digital nomads. In this guide, we delve deep into the nuances of being a digital nomad in Bulgaria, providing you with all the essential information to facilitate a smooth transition.